If you opperate in the LPG industry & market, you will be aware of the problems caused in these systems by Ferrous & Ferrous Oxide contamination,
LPG delivery Systems
This contamination is generally produced within the delivery systems, by acidic compounds within the gas, eroding the steel pipe work & storage vessels.
Extensive piping systems and large storage facilities used in LPG storage and delivery operations were generating large quantities of rust and other ferrous contaminants at BP’s LPG operations Europe.
These contaminants were clogging valves corrupting product and interrupting filling operations.
It not only causes quality issues with the LPG product, but has a significant negative impact on system sensors, compressors, monitoring equipment & valves.
The problem caused by the presense of this harmful Fe/Ferous contamination, also manifests in customer applications, at ‘point of use’,
Where the contamination impacts on vehicle fuel delivery system components and in heating appliances etc… causing issues with the injection components, metering valves, nozzle blockages and general degradation of performance.
Magnom Filtration & Separation Technology, resolves this Fe contamination issue… down to ‘Sub Micron’ levels, without restricting the flow of gas product… Even when full of removed/collected contamination.
Magnom MPU Technology
Fast efficient removal of the damaging contamination present in all LPG systems!
MAGNOM’s Patented Technology effectively removed these harmful contaminants, from BP’s LPG distribution network,mitigating the need to constantly monitor and service of critical system control components.
While in operation, BP monitored the unbelivable ‘Lack’ of drop in pressure across the MAGNOM filter cores, even when full, after filling more than 30,000 11KG cylinders the loss of pressure across the core was less than 0.05 bar.
MAGNOM’s high flow rate, high capacity contamination process units are available in a wide range of standard sizes to fit in your custom or standard bag filter housings.
For additional information on MAGNOM’s Process Units and Patented Technology or indeed an overview of the many other standard products, please contact one of our distributors Via… https://magnom.com/distributors/ or contact us direct, our contact information is available on our home page :- https://magnom.com/
Hydraulic pump and motor users have been faced with an ongoing dilemma… do I install filters on my case drains and risk causing major component damage? …. Or…
“Do I allow the degradation of critical pump and motor components to continue unchecked?”
Pump slipper failure due to blocked case drain filter Catastrophic piston failureThe importance of non-restrictive & efficient case drain filtration can not be overstated
The Solution!
MAGNOM’S Unique Patented Technology
Effectively removes ferrous contaminants down to sub-micron size
Does not restrict fluid flow :- so…
Will not cause pressure differential in line, even when full of contamination
Will not ‘re-entrain’ contaminants regardless of system surges or pulsations
Magnom’s Mini – Midi & Max product range… Ideally suited for Case Drain applications
Monya Sigler Phillips, PhD, thinks they can Please see the contents of here paper below!
Why Bacteria Hate Magnets
Bacteria are single-celled organisms that are surrounded by phospholipid membranes.
The purpose of the membrane is two-fold.
First, it physically contains a cell’s organelles and other cellular machinery (proteins) that are needed for survival. Second, it maintains a separation between the intracellular and extracellular salt solutions in which the cells exist.
A simple diagram is shown below which illustrates the make-up of these salt solutions. Note that the concentration of potassium (K+) ions is higher inside the cell than outside, and that the opposite is true of sodium (Na+) and chloride (C1-) ions.
This separation of ions across the bacterial cell wall is essential, and is maintained by the impermeable phospholipid membrane. If all of the charges (+ and -) on the inside and the outside of the cell are summed (separately), you would find that there is a net negative charge on the membrane’s intracellular surface. In other words, the inside of the cell is more negative than the outside of the cell.
Ion Chammels and the regulation of cellular pH
As stated earlier, different channel proteins transport different ions across biological membranes. On such ion is the proton, or positively chargen hydrogen atom (H+). The flow of protons through ion channels in bacterial cell membranes is used to control the pH of the intracellular solution. The regulation of cellular pH is crucial for the survival of biological cells.
This is true because if the pH is too high or too low, the structural integrity of intracellular proteins is compromised.
This, in turn, makes the protein incapable of performing its normal duties, most of which involve catalyzing cellular reactions that are needed to keep the cell alive.
The bottom line is that a cell that is unable to control its pH is a dead cell.
Ion Chammels and the regulation of cellular pH As stated earlier, different channel proteins transport different ions across biological membranes. On such ion is the proton, or positively chargen hydrogen atom (H+). The flow of protons through ion channels in bacterial cell membranes is used to control the pH of the intracellular solution. The regulation of cellular pH is crucial for the survival of biological cells. This is true because if the pH is too high or too low, the structural integrity of intracellular proteins is compromised. This, in turn, makes the protein incapable of performing its normal duties, most of which involve catalyzing cellular reactions that are needed to keep the cell alive. The bottom line is that a cell that is unable to control its pH is a dead cell.
The pH of any solution (including biological ones) is directly related to the concentration of protons, or positively charged hydrogen atoms, in the solution. The higher the concentration of (H+), the lower the pH, and vice versa. A pH of 7 is neutral, and most cells cannot tolerate having an intracellular pH that is very far from this value. Therefore, bacteria (and other organisms) have developed ways of controlling their pH. This occurs in one of two ways. First, there are intracellular molecules called buffers that bind protons if their concentration gets too high and release protons if their concentrations get too low. The buffer molecules are fine-tuned, however, and are easily saturated. When this happens, (when the concentration of protons gets very high) they can simply be transferred across the cell membrane via ion channels.
The effect of magnets on ion channel behaviour As we discussed earlier, the direction of flow of ions through protein channels is affected by both the electrical and chemical potential that exists across the cell membrane. If bacteria, for example, are placed in an environment where large electrical fields exist, the electrical potential across their cellular membrance will be affected. The presence of a strong magnetic field is a good example of such an environment. The polarized regions of a large magnet will create highly unphysiological electrical potentials in the bacteria’s environment. This potential will overwhelm any existing potentials in these very small cells, and they will no longer have control over the movement of ions across their membranes.
The separations of charges across the membrane creates two separate driving forces of the ions. First, because the inside of the cell is more negatively charged than the outside, there is an electrical driving force. In this case, if the membrane was punctured, positively charged ions (cations) would be attracted into the cell and negatively charged ions (anions) would be repelled from the interior of the cell. Second, the separation of the charge creates a chemical driving force. In this case, ions would want to flow through the puncture down their concentration gradient. For example, both sodium and chloride ions would flow from outside (where they are highly concentrated) to inside the cell (where their concentration is lower). The opposite is true of potassium ions which are more concentrated inside the cell. Of course, movement of the ions across bacterial membranes does not occur via gaping holes. Rather, it ocurs with the aid of proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane. These proteins span the entire membrane, and thus face the extracellular solution on one side of the cell and the intracellular solution on the other. The proteins exist in both “close” and “open” conformations, and the movement of the ions between these two states is regulated by the bacterial cell. when closed, no ions are allowed through the membrane. When the protein is “open”, it forms a small cylindrical hole in the membrane through which ions can pass. Usually, cations and anions flow through different protein channels. Also, some proteins are able to select among different ions of a particular charge. For example, some channels allow sodium but not potassium ions to pass through their pore. The diagram to the right illustrates the flow of ions through protein channels. The flow of ions across cell membranes is coupled to many important cellular processes, therefore, bacterial cells become very “sick” when they lose the ability to regulate the ionic currents through protein channels. One of the deadliest scenarios is when the flow of protons is disturbed. In this case, the destruction of the protons’ electrochemical gradient equals the destruction of the ability to expel them from the cell. When the hydrogen ion concentration rises, then, the cell cannot release the ions to the environment, and the pH is lowered to a level that is not tolerable. Death ensures. by Monya Sigler Phillips, PhD
Black powder contamination is and has been to scourge of the gas industry for millennia, and causes significant problems in gas distribution systems.
Though there is no efficient method for preventing the formation of this costly… equipment damaging contamination
However, MAGNOM’s unique Technology, Proven across industry for decades, is exceptionally well suited to remove these damaging contaminants in high quantities before they have a chance to enter and damage critical control components or interrupt ongoing supply operations.
Without restricting the flow of gas!
And the MAGNOM cores are designed to capture and hold the black powder contaminants without causing a drop in pressure or a restriction in flow!
High volumes of Black Powder removed… With flow channels still free to flow gas.
MAGNOM products will remove the black powder from your gas distribution systems and can:
Installed in gearbox installations on numerous severe duty applications have practically eliminated gearbox failures!
Gearboxes used in a number of 24/7 severe operating conditions at a number of power generating facilities in Europe were experiencing an annual gearbox failure rate of 42.8%.
After installing MAGNOM Inline Process units on the gearbox lubrication systems, the failure rate dropped to 0.0%!
It
has been determined by the NREL that most gearbox problems are generic in
nature and not specific to a single turbine or gear manufacturer.
The NREL has also determined that the majority of
gearbox failures appear to initiate in the bearings. This despite the fact that most gearboxes
incorporate the best bearing design practices available.
Clearly, the problem meeting the established 20 year life expectancy for wind turbine gearboxes is not related to material or design flaws in the gearbox. The problem is that lubrication contamination leads to accelerated wear, which in turn causes higher maintenance costs, lost energy production and significantly increased initial equipment prices to cover the inevitable warranty issues.
Gearboxes protected by MAGNOM products benefit by experiencing:
. Significantly less downtime
. The elimination of unscheduled maintenance events
. Extended lubricant life – (suitable for all types of lubricants, including high viscosity grease)
Non-Restrictive – Bi-Directional filter capable of high pressure flows in either flow direction.
The MAGNOM technology is uniquely suited for use in high pressure & high flow systems to protect actuators, motors pumps, solenoids, proportional and servo valves etc. It can be installed close coupled to critical components, in strategic locations previously unable to support in-line filters. Hydraulic cylinders benefit by locating MAGNOM filters close to both inlet and outlet ports, allowing unrestricted flow of hydraulic fluid in either direction while removing ferrous contaminants down to sub-micron sizes/ & levels.
Applications most likely to benefit from installing MAGNOM:
Hydrostatic drives & transmissions Hydraulic Power Units Hydraulic Pump and Motor Case Drain Returns Open and Closed Loop Hydraulic Systems Hydraulic Cylinders
